Nsogbu nke nsogbu nke ọrịa mammary bụ ọrịa gland bụ n'ihi mmụba na-arịwanye elu nke ọrịa a: ọrịa a na-arịa ọrịa ara na-arịa ọrịa 35-60% nke ụmụ nwanyị, na ọnụnọ nke ọrịa gynecological ha na-abawanye ugboro 75-76%. E nwere nanị ọnọdụ anọ ebe a na-ewere ihe na-ezighị ezi ma ọ bụ nke na-acha ọcha site na igbe ahụ: agụụ mmekọahụ (2-3 tụlee n'okpuru orgasm), afọ ime, ịmị ara, 2-3 ụbọchị tupu mmalite nke nsọ nsọ. N'ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, njirisi nke mmiri si na mammary gland bụ ihe mgbagha na-egosi nsogbu nke ọrịa ahụ, ya mere a gaghị eleghara ya anya.
Anwụrụ nke ara
Mmiri mammary bụ akụkụ ahụ jikọtara ọnụ, nke bụ isi ọrụ nke bụ mmiri nke mmiri ara ehi n'oge ịkọ lactation. Nri ọ bụla nwere 15-20 lobes, nke na-ejikọta ihe dị iche iche. Ndị lobes na-agụnye lobules, nke sitere na alveoli. Site na lobes niile na nduzi nke nwa ara na-aga mmiri ara ehi. A na-emepụta ọbara ọbara nke glands site na akwara thoracic - n'akụkụ na n'ime, innervation na-eme site na akwara supraclavicular si cervical plexus. Ihe na-egbuke egbuke bụ hormone na-adabere na akụkụ ahụ, n'ihi ya, mmepụta nke obere ego nke nzuzo nzuzo bụ nanị physiological na ọdịdị. Akpachara anya kwesịrị ịdị na-ekpuchi ya, ọ bụghị nke a na-ejikọta na oge ịhụ nwa na ịtụrụ ime, na-esite na nhụjuanya mgbu na ike dị n'ime obi.
Iwepu site na obi - ihe ndị na-ebute ihe:
- ezighi ezi nke hormonal, eyi iru ala;
- na-ewere ọgwụ ndị na-agwọ ọrịa;
- mmekorita nke nwanyi, ihe ndi ozo;
- ịmụ nwa, ime ime;
- usoro ihe ojoo na biliary tract / imeju;
- ọnọdụ nchekasị, ịda mbà n'obi mgbe nile;
- oge menopause / menarche.
Ichapu ọcha site n'obi - akpata
Galactorrhea. Ọ na-eme n'ihi mgbapụta nke hormonal megide ọdịdị nke ụba ọganihu nke ụmụ nwanyị na-ahụ maka ọgwụ na hormone prolactin, nke na-eduga ná mmepụta mmepụta nke mmiri ọcha site na mammary glands. Dika ikpochapu siri ike, ogo anọ nke galactorrhea kpebisiri ike: ihe mbu nke a na - enweta site na obi na - egosi mgbe ị na - amanye onuara, a na - atụnye ụrọ nke abụọ na - enweghị isi, nkwụsị nke atọ na - Ihe na-akpata galactorrhea: neoplasms nke hypothalamus, ọrịa pituitary, ovarian / adrenal gland pathologies, ọrịa na-agwọ ọrịa nwa / akụrụ. Ihe ngosi nkasi obi: ihe otutu, mbelata libido, mmebi nke oge.
Mastitis. Ọrịa nke obi na-efe efe. A na-eji onyinyo ahụ eme ihe n 'elu nke okpomọkụ ahụ ruo ogo 39-39.5, ọzịza na ọnyá nke mammary glands, ọbara ọbara nke anụ ahụ, ọcha / purulent secretions si nipples. Na usoro nke usoro ahụ, ọrịa ahụ na-abanye n'ime akụkụ ndị ahụ, nke nwere ike iduga nnukwu nsogbu.
Ihe na-esi na ya apụta - na-akpata
Ectasia nke mmiri ara ehi. Mgbasawanye nke mmiri ara ehi na-ebute mmetụ ha na-ebute ọdịdị nke nnyefe na-esi n'igbe ahụ pụta, obi ụtọ na armpits na mammary glands. Chronization nke usoro na - eme ka ọnọdụ ahụ dịkwuo njọ - ndị na - ejikọta onwe ha na - adịgide adịgide ma na - agba, na - enweta aja aja / akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.
Ihe nkedo-cystic mastopathy. Ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka o doo anya, nke na-egosipụta onwe ya dị ka ụdị nchịkwa dị iche iche nke na-agbapụta obi (mkpali) na-agbanwe n'ime ihe anụ ahụ nke na-emebi ihe dị iche iche nke ihe jikọrọ anụ ahụ na epithelial elements. Ihe ize ndụ nke ịmalite ọrịa ahụ na-abawanye na enweghi ọmụmụ na ime ime, ime ime, afọ ime mbụ, nwa oge na-adịru nwa oge / ogologo oge (otu afọ ma ọ bụ karịa).
Njegharị + nsụgharị dysbiosis. Disbacteriosis sitere na: ọgwụ nje a na-achịkwaghị achịkwa, ọgwụgwọ hormonal, nri na-ezighị ezi, ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala / ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala, na-ebelata nzaghachi nke ahụ. Ihe mgbaàmà na-egosi: stool (afọ ntachi, afọ ọsịsa), bloating, abnormalities dyspeptic (vomiting, ọgbụgbọ, mmezi), ihe ịrịba ama nke ịṅụbiga mmanya ókè (ụra nke ọma, adịghị ike, ike ọgwụgwụ). Ọ bụrụ na ọnyá dysbacteriosis na-eme megide ndabere nke ọrịa yist, ọrịa ahụ nwere ike ọzọ gosipụta onwe ya dịka ihe na-esi na ara pụta.
Mbufụt nke ovaries (oophoritis). Usoro nke na - emetụta ovaries na tublopis. Ọrịa ọrịa ahụ bụ ndị nnọchianya nke microflora (E. coli, streptococci, staphylococcus, gonococci). Na mbufụt, ọrịa ahụ ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-agbasa site na eriri uterine na tubes na ovaries. Oophoritis ole na ole na-egosipụta onwe ya dị ka mmebi nke oge ịhụ nsọ, nhụjuanya na-egbuke egbuke n'ime ụbụrụ ala / na nnukwu, ọ na-enwe ihe mgbochi / na-acha ọcha site na igbe na ikpu.
Iria nke mammary gland. Ọkpụkpụ azụ na-emechi / mebie emebi nke anụ ahụ na nhazi nke hematoma. Enwere ike ijikọta gị na mpi agbajiri agbajiri obi. Nwanyị ahụ nwere nchegbu banyere ọbịa na ihe mgbu n'ime obi, ọ bụrụ na ọ na-emebi mmiri ara ehi na - arahụ - ịgbanye ọbara nke ọbara.
Ịbanye ọgwụ ọjọọ. Mmepe nke mammary glands, na-agbanwe na ọrụ ha na ogo nwoke, mgbe ime ime na-amalite n'okpuru mmetụta nke homonụ, ọ bụla mgbanwe na nguzo nke na-akpalite dysplastic deformations nke anụ ahụ nke mammary glands. N'ihe na-eme ka a kwụsị ịṅụ ọgwụ mgbochi ọnụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke estrogen na prolactin ọdịnaya nwere ike ịbawanye ụba, nke na-eduga n'ilepụta nnwere onwe na-esi na igbe.
Wepụ si mammary glands - ihe apughi ime:
- jiri okpomọkụ. Ojiji nke baths ma ọ bụ ndị na-ekpo ọkụ dị ọkụ nwere ike ime ka mmetụ dịkwuo njọ ma mee ka ọnọdụ niile gbakọọ njọ;
- ka a na-emeso ya site n'enyemaka nke ọgwụgwọ ndị mmadụ;
- na-akpali / na-etinye aka na nzuzo;
- Were homonụ. Ọ bụ naanị dọkịta nwere ike ịkọ ọgwụ ọgwụ ọjọọ ka ọ ghara ikwe ka mgbapụta cyclic jupụta na ogo nke homonụ mmekọahụ na igbochi ọkpụkpụ, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ ihe amamihe dị na ya itinye ọgwụ ndị a n'ime usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ.
Ịkwụsị site na obi - nyocha na ọgwụgwọ
Ihe ọ bụla a na-emeghị ka ọ ghara ịdaba na mammary glands bụ oge maka nlebara anya na onye mammologist. Nchoputa nke ihe omimi nke ara bu ihe nchoputa ha, nchapu, uzo ozo, mammography, nchikota ebe nsogbu, ule nke cytological. A na-enyocha ule na nke mbụ nke usoro ahụ (2-3 ụbọchị mgbe njedebe nke nsọ nsọ), n'ihi na ihe ize ndụ nke njehie nchọpụta na-aba ụba na nke abụọ n'ihi mbubata nke glands.
Ihe nchọpụta:
- nyocha / palpation. A nyochaa ọdịdị nke mammary glands ka a rụrụ (enweghị / nkwụsị nke ọnọdụ ahụ, ọnọdụ nke nụ, akpụ akpụ akpụkpọ ahụ). A na-arụ ọrụ na nguzo na ịgha ụgha na azụ, palpable n'otu oge supraclavicular, subclavian na axillary lymph ọnụ;
- Ultrasound. Usoro nyocha nke na-adịghị mma na nke ọmụma, na-enye ohere ịchọpụta neoplasms nke mammary glands (cysts, etuto ahụ);
- mammography. Radiography nke mammary glands, nke a na-eme na abụọ projections. Usoro a kacha nwee ntụkwasị obi (ruo 95% na oncology, ruo 97% na mastopathy). Contraindications: afọ ime, ịkọ nwa, afọ iri atọ na ise.
A na-eme ọgwụgwọ na-echebara afọ ole onye ọrịa ahụ, ụdị ọrịa ahụ, ọdịdị nke oge nlebara anya nke oge nsọ, mmasị na imechi / ichebe ọrụ ọmụmụ, enweghị / ọnụnọ nke gynecological na endocrine pathologies. Ụzọ ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe: ọgwụgwọ hormone, ọgwụgwọ vitamin, phytotherapy, physiotherapy.
Ọcha ma ọ bụ nke na-esi n'igbe ahụ pụta bụ ihe mgbaàmà dị egwu nke chọrọ nlezianya nyocha na ọgwụgwọ. Glands mammary bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke usoro okike, ya mere a ghaghị ilezi ọnọdụ ha anya nke ọma - nke a ga - enyere aka ichebe ahụ ike ụmụ nwanyị ogologo oge ma mee ka mma ndụ dịkwuo mma.