Kedu cholesterol?
N'ụzọ dị mma, cholesterol bụ otu n'ime ndị nnọchianya kachasị mkpa nke ndị na - emepụta ihe - ihe ndị dị ndụ nke ndị na - eme steroid nke ihe ndị dị ndụ. Dị ka e kwuru na mbụ, ọ na-ewe akụkụ kpọmkwem na metabolism.
Otú ọ dị, cholesterol nwere ọtụtụ ihe ọjọọ. Ya mere oke elu ya nwere ike ibute mmepe nke atherosclerosis. A na-ahụ ọkwa dị elu nke ọdịnaya ya n'ime ọrịa shuga, gout, ọbara mgbali elu, hypothyroidism, oke oke, nsogbu dị ukwuu nke ụbụrụ, ọrịa imeju na ọrịa ndị ọzọ. Enwere ike ịbelata cholesterol, dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ọrịa ndị na - esonụ: ajọ ọrịa obi na-adịghị ala ala, ọrịa obi siri ike na ọbara na-agbanye n'ọkụ, ọtụtụ ọrịa na - efe efe, hyperthyroidism.
Cholesterol anaghị agbari na mmiri, ma ọ nwere ike igbari na ihe ndị dị ka mmanya, esters, acetone, ihe ndị ọzọ na-emepụta ihe ndị dị n'ime ya, nakwa dị ka ihe ọkụkụ na anụmanụ. Ihe kachasị mkpa cholesterol pụtara bụ na ọ na-emepụta esters mgbe ọ na-emeghachi omume na mmiri ara ehi bara uru. Site na mmeghachi omume dị otú ahụ, a na-ahụ ọdịdị nke ngwongwo siri ike - nke a bụ ihe onwunwe ma jiri ya na-enweta nyocha ọbara maka cholesterol.
Ọrụ cholesterol
Cholesterol nwere ọtụtụ ọrụ nlezianya - ọ na-emepụta mmiri bile na ahụ mmadụ, mmekọahụ na corticosteroid hormones, vitamin D3.
Ọ dị n'ime sel ọ bụla nke ahụ mmadụ, na-akwado ụdị ha. N'ịbụ ndị na-emepụta akụkụ nke membranes, ọ na-eme ka ha jide n'aka na ha nwere ike ịhọrọ ihe niile na-abanye na cell ma pụọ na ya. Ọ na-esonye n'usoro ịchịkwa ọrụ nke enzymes cell.
Usoro nkwarụ na mkpochapu nsị nke ahụ na-ebutekwa na òkè cholesterol. Ịtụgharị n'ime mmiri mmiri bile, ọ bụ akụkụ nke bile ma na-etinye aka na usoro nke iri nri. Ọrịa ime mmụọ na-enye aka mee ka a ghara ịkụzi ya na ịhapụ cholesterol, nke na-eduga na njigide ya n'ime ọbara na ntinye n'ụdị akara atherosclerotic na arịa ọbara.
N'ụbọchị ihe dị ka mgịka 500 cholesterol n'ime ahụ mmadụ ka a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ mmiri ọgwụ, ọ ga-ewepụta otu ego ahụ, ya na akpụkpọ anụ - ihe dị ka 100 mg.
"Cholesterol" nke bara uru
Cholesterol bụ akụkụ nke plasma protein-fatty complex (lipoprotein) nke ọbara mmadụ na anụmanụ. Ekele maka ebe a na-ebufe ya na anụ ahụ. Ihe dịka pasent 70 nke cholesterol, ihe dị ka pasent 9-10% bụ akụkụ nke lipoproteins dị oke ala (VLDL), na ihe dịka 20-24% nke cholesterol nwere lipoproteins dị elu (HDL) dị elu. . Ọ bụ LDL na-akwalite nhazi akara atherosclerotic nke na-akpata atherosclerosis. Ọ bụ na ngwakọ nke LDL ma bụrụ "cholesterol" na-emerụ ahụ.
Ma HDL nwere mmetụta mgbochi atherosclerotic. Nnyocha egosiwo na ọ bụ ọnụnọ ya n'ime ọbara anụmanụ ụfọdụ nke na-eme ka ha ghara ịmalite ịmalite atherosclerosis. Ya mere, HDL nwere "cholesterol" bara uru, nke a na-ebute ha maka catabolism n'ime imeju.
Na mbụ, a kwenyere na cholesterol nile bu ihe kpatara atherosclerosis, ya mere ndị dọkịta kwadoro ịbelata ihe oriri na ihe dị elu. Taa, amaralarịrị na ihe kpatara mmepe nke atherosclerosis bụ na abụba anụmanụ bụ isi iyi nke LDL, na nke bara ọgaranya na abụba abụba juru. Atherosclerosis na-emekwa ka ndị carbohydrates, bụ nke anụ ahụ na-adọrọ ngwa ngwa, bụ nke buru ibu na sweets, buns. Ma ọnụnọ nke abụba ihe oriri na nri mmadụ, nke bụ isi iyi HDL, ya bụ, "cholesterol" bara uru, dị ezigbo mkpa, n'ihi na ọ bụ mgbochi nke atherosclerosis.
Ụkpụrụ nke cholesterol dị n'ime ọbara
Banyere ihe ọ bụla dị na ọbara, cholesterol nwere usoro nke ya maka ọdịnaya ya, mana maka ụmụ nwoke, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu. Ya mere, cholesterol zuru ezu kwesịrị ịdị n'ogo nke 3.0-6.0 mmol / L, ọkwa nkịtị nke "ọjọọ" cholesterol (LDL) bụ 1.92-4.82 mmol / l na "uru" (HDL) - 0.7- 2.28 mmol / l.